Diamond, Graphite & Graphene

Giant covalent · Tetrahedral vs trigonal planar · Layers · Delocalised electrons · Properties by structure

Diamond
Every carbon atom forms 4 strong covalent bonds tetrahedrally in all 3 dimensions. Drag to explore the giant 3D covalent network.
AQA: Diamond is a giant covalent structure. All 4 outer electrons of each carbon form covalent bonds. This 3D network makes diamond very hard, gives it a very high melting point, and means it cannot conduct electricity.
DIAMOND · 4 bonds per C · 3D network · hardest natural substance
NO FREE e⁻ · diamond cannot conduct electricity
TETRAHEDRAL · bond angle 109.5°
DIAMOND · Giant Covalent Structure
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